Researchers from Laurentian University are delving into historical data to aid communities in managing blue-green algae blooms. Mackenzie Hobbs, a Masters student, has been analyzing sediment from lakes in northeastern Ontario to assess the impact of industrialization on blue-green algae levels. Hobbs emphasized the importance of understanding historical nutrient levels, especially phosphorus, to gauge the deviation from natural conditions in lakes.
High nutrient levels, particularly phosphorus, create an ideal environment for cyanobacteria to thrive, leading to the formation of blue-green algae blooms that can produce harmful toxins, prompting beach closures. By examining lake sediment, researchers can trace back over 200 years to a time before human activities introduced excess nutrients into the water.
One key indicator used in the research is chironomids, the larval stage of flies found in lake sediment, which provide insights into the dissolved oxygen content in lakes. Additionally, the study involves analyzing diatoms, a type of microalgae that thrives in nutrient-rich water, to determine historical phosphorus levels.
According to Liz Favot, Hobbs’s supervisor at Laurentian University, identifying lakes with elevated phosphorus levels compared to pre-industrial times can guide cities and towns in implementing corrective measures. However, some lakes with low nutrient levels still experience blue-green algae blooms due to the impact of climate change, as warmer water temperatures favor the growth of cyanobacteria.
The research extends to Apsey Lake, a crucial water source for the town of Espanola. Joseph Burke, Espanola’s chief administrative officer, highlighted the significance of Hobbs’s findings in shaping land use policies near the lake, especially considering the increased frequency of blue-green algae blooms in recent years. Burke expressed hope that the study’s outcomes would lead to the implementation of new measures to safeguard and improve the lake’s health.
This study not only sheds light on the historical context of blue-green algae blooms but also provides valuable insights for communities like Espanola to proactively address water quality issues.